Introduction to Intervals
What Is an Interval?
An interval is the distance between two notes. We measure intervals by counting the number of letter names (including both endpoints).
| Interval | Half Steps | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Unison | 0 | C → C |
| Minor 2nd | 1 | C → Db |
| Major 2nd | 2 | C → D |
| Minor 3rd | 3 | C → Eb |
| Major 3rd | 4 | C → E |
| Perfect 4th | 5 | C → F |
| Perfect 5th | 7 | C → G |
| Octave | 12 | C → C |
Intervals are the building blocks of melodies and chords.
Hearing Perfect Intervals
Study these perfect intervals (P4 and P5). The perfect 5th has an open, stable sound. The perfect 4th sounds similar but slightly more tense.
Play and Identify Intervals
- Play each interval and compare the sound quality
- Identify each interval before checking the notation
- Sing the interval before playing it on your instrument